How <i>Phytophthora</i> Effectors Disrupt Post-Translational Regulation in Plant Immunity: Canonical and Non-Canonical Mechanisms

Plant–pathogen interactions are shaped by dynamic regulatory processes that control immune signaling. Among these, post-translational modifications (PTMs) play central roles in modulating protein activity, stability, and interaction networks. Increasing evidence indicates that Phytophthora effectors target PTM-dependent regulatory systems to suppress host immunity and promote infection. Here, we synthesize current knowledge on how Phytophthora virulence factors manipulate post-translational r...