A Comparison of Hafez's Critical Poetry and Habermas's Critical Thought in Application to Critical Approaches in Contemporary Painting

This is an academic essay or research article that uses critical discourse analysis to examine the thought and worldview of Hafez of Shiraz, the classical Persian poet. The study applies critical discourse methodology, described as an interdisciplinary and comprehensive approach, to analyze the components of Hafez's ideas and perspective. It does so by comparing his views with those of Jürgen Habermas, a modern Western theorist, using a descriptive-analytical method within a scientific framework to present its findings to the reader.