Correction of the Description of a First-Instance Judgment from a Verdict to a Procedural Order in Judicial Practice

This is an article examining a procedural practice found in some Iranian appellate courts, whereby a ruling issued by a court of first instance is recharacterized as a procedural order rather than a substantive judgment, then set aside and remanded for fresh consideration. Using applied research methods and library sources, the authors investigate whether this practice has a valid legal basis and whether it genuinely serves justice as the core function of the judiciary. The article appears to conclude critically, questioning the legal legitimacy of the practice and its actual contribution to achieving justice.